HuiYuan Opto-Electronic Co., Ltd.

MR16 Full color LED Bulbs(3w)

a@b.com (admin) — Fri, 03 Sep 2010 10:29:13 +0800

Low Power Consumption - 5 watts replaces up to a 40 watt incandescent
Long Life - Up to 50,000 hours, 50 times longer than conventional bulbs
Environmentally Friendly - Contains no lead or mercury
High Brightness - Up to 8 times brighter than equivalent power incandescent
Robust Design - Shock and vibration resistant, no fragile glass
Saves Labor- Reduces bulb changing labor and maintenance costs

Part Number	Spec	Color	Voltage	Power	Lifespan	Beam angle	working temperature	Luminous flux
MR16-3RGB	Φ48 X 55mm	RGB	AC/DC12V AC/DC24V	3W	50,000 hours	35±5°	≤40℃	R:25-35lm
								G:35-45lm
								B:10-15lm

Why should be SMD3528 but not DIP 5mm for LED T8 Tube?

a@b.com (admin) — Mon, 31 May 2010 11:59:26 +0800

LED T8 Tube has many different names but just only two types: SMD&DIP.
First it is called Led Tube. But Led Tube is easily confused with Led Digital tube, so later called Led Fluorescent, but sooner, called LED T8 tube light, LED T8 Tube, LED T8 fluorescent tube, super brightness LED T8 fluorescent lamp, LED T8 tube (SMD), etc. Now manypeople agree that the name is Led T8 Tube.
As the technology developing, many customers demand the Led T8 tube can reach a higher lumen power efficiency but with lower lumen decay.
In 2007, LED T8 tube used DIP leds to make the LED fluorescent tube, actually, many specialists don't think it is a good way. Because DIP leds has quick lumen decay, during 2000-hour-test, it can reach 15% lumen decay; during 3500hours test, 20% lumen decay. Although theory life is 100000 hours, but actually, DIP LED T8 fluorescent tube lifespan may be 10000-15000hours. It doesn't show much better than traditional fluorescent tubes.
In 2008 and 2009, DIP leds technology is improving, but still the original question: lumen decay is always serious.
So lighting specialists don't recommend factory to make DIP Led T8 Tube, but suggest them using SMD3528 to make Led T8 fluorescent light. Meanwhile, SMD Led T8 tube is easier than DIP tube in producing. Using SMD3528 LED, it can lower he cost of manual hand, so that cut the cost of Led T8 tube. LED T8 Tube Light is specially designed for direct replacement of Conventional Fluorescents. LED T8 fluorescent tube can directly replace the traditional tubes, and no need any additional retrofitting of the ballast and starter. Life span of SMD T8 tube surely can reach up to 50, 000 hours in normal family use.
In 24hours working place especially, T8 LED Tube means big savings in maintenance bills through less tube replacements. Do it today, cut the cost today, save you money today!

We introduce miniature 1W LED with High CRI for SSL applications

a@b.com (admin) — Thu, 15 Apr 2010 17:25:56 +0800

Today we announced one of the industry’s smallest, most energy efficient 1-Watt (1W) high power LEDs with high color rendering index (CRI) for use in a wide range of solid-state lighting applications. With dimensions of 6 mm by 5.7 mm by 1.18 mm thick, our compact 1W LB-P20W2C is packaged in a 6-leaded small outline package (SOP) and capable of being driven to up to 350 mA to provide high flux output performance. Additionally, this competitively priced compact LED emitter provides a wide viewing angle and features long life reliability.

The LB-P20W2C has a wide viewing angle of 110-degrees to meet the needs of designers who require good color uniformity. This LED provides a high typical CRI of 80 for cool white and 90 for warm white. Our 1W emitter is a high performance LED designed to handle high thermal and high drive currents. By delivering a high flux output of 70-80 lumens (lm) at 350 mA, this new 1W LED emitter is ideal for use in general lighting applications such as medical lighting, merchandise display lighting and museum lighting. Additionally, this LED features a maximum allowable junction temperature of 135 degrees-C thus providing lighting designers with more design flexibility. In addition, this part offers a high Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) resistance of 16 kV which makes this LED insensitive to ESD. As a result, special ESD protection equipment is not required to handle the part during installation. Moreover, this 1W LED is compatible with standard SMT reflow soldering processes which helps lower design cost.

Key Features
• Available in Cool White, Neutral White and Warm White colors
• Small footprint and low profile
• High CRI
• High flux output
• High maximum junction temperature
• Direct heat transfer from metal slug to mother board
• Silicone encapsulation
• Compatible with reflow soldering processes
• Long operating life
• Moisture sensitivity: MSL 1
• Pb-Free and RoHS compliant

Pricing and Availability
Our LB-P20W2C LEDs are priced at $0.52 each in 1,000 piece quantities. Samples and production quantities are available now through our direct sales channel and worldwide distribution partners.

LED Industry Won't Keep Up with Demand in 2010

a@b.com (admin) — Sun, 11 Apr 2010 23:35:41 +0800

Adoption of LED backlighting has been on a rapid rise over the past few years and iSupply predicts a very high chance that the LED industry won't be able to keep up with demand in 2010. In 2009, LED consumption reached 63 billion, up from the 57 million in 2008. This is very close to the actual current maximum capacity of the LED industry itself (75 million) and, if production capacity is not increased, most popular LED devices, particularly large-size LCDs, will be faced with serious undersupply.

These marketing conditions have arisen because LEDs are no longer being used only in large LCD monitors, but also in TVs and most flat-panel computer screens. Such displays are present in a variety of devices, including photo frames, digital cameras and notebooks, Out of all these, TVs are the ones that use most LEDs per unit, around 300 to 500. Not only that, but LED lightning has also started appearing in other areas, such as the general illumination market, which, although in its infancy, should become mainstream in about two years.

"It is clear that demand is outstripping supply," said Jagdish Rebello, senior director and principal analyst for wireless research at iSuppli. "With LED market growth forecasted to rise by double-digit percentages for at least the next three years, including 2010, a drastic undersupply situation could occur this year unless additional capacity is brought online to meet the increased demand."

"The shortage predicted in 2010 applies to LEDs used for the backlighting of large-size LCD TVs," stated Sweta Dash, senior director for LCD research at iSuppli. "On the demand side, the shortage is being spurred by strong consumer desire, given the growing popularity of LED-backlit LCD TVs due to their super-slim form factors and improvements in picture quality. On the supply side, TV manufacturers are striving to increase their sales of LED-backlit sets."

The LED industry has already started to put effort into ramping up production, but this will take time and may not keep up with the actual demand.

On Factors Influencing Thermal Resistance of LED Components

a@b.com (admin) — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 19:49:09 +0800

The thermal resistance of a material is its resistance against thermal conduction. The unit of thermal resistance is degree per watt, representing the temperature difference across a structure when a unit of heat energy flows through it in a unit time. After the LED is lighted and the thermal conduction stabled, as every watt of power on the chip surface being consumed, the temperature difference between the PN junction and the linking bracket or heating panel is the thermal resistance value of the LED. The thermal resistance value is most often represented as θ or R; the temperatures of the joint face and of the point to which the heat has been conducted as Tj and Tx respectively, and the heating output as P. The higher the thermal resistance value is, the more difficult the heat is being conducted, and thus higher component temperatur. From the thermal resistance value, the heating condition of the component can be decided or estimated. The lower the thermal resistance value is, the faster the chip dissipates heat. Therefore, to lower the temperature of the PN junction in the chip is helpful to lengthen the lifespan of LED.

What are the main factors influencing the thermal resistance value of LED components? And how can its influence be decreased?

1. Thermal resistance of a LED chip is related to its structure and the original material. Therefore, it is crucial to decrease the thermal resistance value of the LED itself.
2. Different thermal conductivities of copper, aluminium, or other heat sink materials can also influence the thermal resistance of LED. So, choosing the appropriate heat sink material helps decrease the thermal resistance of LED components.
3. Even in condition of applying the same heat sink material, the size of the cooling area is also directly related to the LED thermal resistance. The well-designed and large-sized second-time cooling system will decrease the thermal resistance and can be helpful to increase the lighting efficiency and lengthen the life-span of the LED.
4. LED thermal resistance value can be influenced by: whether the LED chip is joined by the thermal conductive glue, connected directly to the metal, and the kind of the glue or metal used. The thermal resistance of the joint face between the LED and the second-time cooling system should be kept as low as possible.
5. The temperature of the operational environment can also affect the thermal resistance of the LED component. The suggestion is to keep the surrounding temperature as low as possible.
6. Pay attention to some technological details such as adopting right materials and controlling the rated power input. Improve the cooling system of the LED with the precondition of increasing its lighting efficiency and life-span.

Summary

We must take the following points into consideration when designing LED components:

1.Decrease the thermal resistance value of the chip.
2.Optimize the thermal conducting passage.
a.Passage infrastructure: Length: the shorter the better; Size: the larger the better; the fewer segments the better; eliminate the thermal conducting bottleneck in the passage.
b.The higher the thermal conductivity value λ of the passage material the better.
c.Improve the packaging technology to make the linking between the segments tighter and more reliable.
3.Enhance the thermal conducting function.
4.Adopt the optical passage materials of higher thermal conductivity.

Advantages and Weaknesses of LED Application

a@b.com (admin) — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 19:46:34 +0800

Unlike conventional incandescent lamps which need to convert the electricity into thermal energy first and then to light, LED illumination is achieved when a semiconductor crystal is activated so that it directly produces visible light in a desired wavelength range. With the continuous development of lighting technologies, more possible future applications of LEDs will be seen. Advantages and disadvantages of using LEDs are to be discussed as follows.

Advantages of LEDs

1. Long Lifespan
The lifetime of conventional incandescent lamps is usually 3,000~4,000 hours. The ETTF (Estimated Time To Failure) of a LED is as long as 100,000 hours, which is much longer than that of incandescent lamps. Suppose we let a LED work four hours a day, we may have it work for us for more than 60 years.

2. Energy Saving and Low Cost
Generally speaking, LEDs are designed to operate with only 12~24V, and LEDs produce more light per watt than incandescent bulbs. High efficacy with low voltage makes it easy for LEDs to gain an edge up from conventional incandescent lamps, consuming 80% less electrical power. Although currently High-Brightness single-color LEDs are more expensive than conventional incandescent lamps, they save much more electrical power, which can offset the price gap. Suppose a LED requires 15W to reach a certain luminance, it would take up to 150W for a conventional incandescent lamp to reach the same level of luminance.

3. More Environmentally Friendly
Unlike incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lamps, LEDs emit light in a different way. LEDs do not rely on a filaments that will burn out, become heated, or disperse toxic gas. As a solid state component, LEDs are better able to withstand eternal shock. The illumination is generated solely by the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material, and its lifespan is similar to that of a standard transistor.

4. Environmental Adaptability
LEDs operate well in a wide range of temperatures, -40℃~+85℃, with the humidity below 65%. Therefore, LEDs can be used in a relatively harsh environment.

5. A Variety of Applications
LEDs have advanced from its use in numeric displays and indicator lights to a range of new and potential applications, including architectural lights, exit signs, accent lights, task lights, traffic lights, signage, cove lighting, wall sconces, outdoor lighting and down lighting, etc.

Weaknesses of LEDs

1. Bad Color Revivification
The general color rendering index of LEDs has been relatively low in the past, and the color reversion of LEDs is does not compare to that of incandescent bulbs. We all know that the lighting quality of incandescent lamps is excellent (CRI 100%) while white LEDs provide color rendering indices between 70% and 85%, better for daylight (6,000 K) than for warm white (2,900 K) LEDs. However, with the improvement of phosphors and the technological upgrade of LED materials, some LEDs’ CRI has been enhanced to 90%.

2. Single LED’s Power is still Low
Due to the low power of a single LED, its luminance remains fairly low. Thus, more LEDs are required to be connected in parallel, such as in automobile backlights. More LEDs lead to higher cost, although the cost of a single LED is not high. At present, a single high-power LED is quite expensive yet its luminous intensity is just around 5,000 mcd.

3. Short Illumination Range
Although many methods have been developed to improve the brightness of the LED light source, it remains difficult to extend its illumination range. As LEDs emit scattered light, the illumination range is only tens of meters. Thus, LEDs are quite suitable for short-range lighting application. Nevertheless, with the development of new technology, LED’s illumination range is expected to expand gradually.

4. “Yellow Ring” Phenomenon
Due to the immature process of white light LEDs and the error when configure the reflective cup and lens, “Yellow Rings” that frequently appear in white light LEDs are difficult to eliminate. In recent years, blended phosphor has been adopted to generate ideal white light with high CRI.
Take the blue light LED for example, it activates the mixture of YAG phosphor and green or red phosphor to generate white light. If the blue light LED, after activating YAG phosphor, emits white light with a “yellow ring”, green light (wavelength 500nm～530nm) phosphor may be added to counteract the unwanted yellow light. Similarly, if the blue light LED, after activating YAG phosphor, emits white light with a “blue ring”, red light phosphor without sulfide may be added to counteract the unwanted blue light. These methods can regulate not only the color coordinates but also the color temperature of LEDs, without affecting the lifespan of the LEDs.

5. Heat Dissipation
Heat generated by the acting light emitting chip for the LED must be absorbed to maintain normal working temperature to prevent over-heating or damaging the chip. Industry players strive to develop more efficient heat-dissipating materials.

Although LEDs bear several imperfections which need to be improved in the future, they possess many advantages over conventional incandescent lamps. As a next-generation light source, offering benefits such as its compact size, long lifespan, energy-efficiency, and durability, LEDs have aroused tremendous interest among different countries and regions. With the rapid advancement of LED industry all over the world, we believe that these imperfections of LEDs will be corrected in the foreseeable future.

New Energy Policies Promote the Development of LED Lighting Industry

a@b.com (admin) — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 17:01:41 +0800

New Energy Policies World-wide Promote the Development of LED Lighting Industry – LEDforum 2009 Report

Faced with issues such as energy shortage and global warming, governments across the globe have implemented various incentives and subsidies for energy-saving products. At the LEDforum 2009 Panel Discussion, LED industry heavyweights shared their points of view on the competition and development in the industry.

The panel discussion “New energy policies world-wide promote the development of LED lighting industry”, was hosted Dr Yi-Jen Chan, Vice President & EOL General Director, ITRI.

Cree’s Soo-Ghee Lee compared the three types of light bulbs: 1. from an environmental point of view, the issue with energy-saving CFL lamps is that they contain mercury; 2. the general public has grown accustomed to incandescent bulbs; 3. LED bulb replacements are not readily available in retail channels. Hence, in addition to changing consumers’ usage behavior, LED makers need to make prices more competitive to facilitate its widespread adoption, which also requires the support of government policies. The U.S. government has initiated a $5 billion LED lighting project, including the procurement of over 4000 LED lighting fixtures for The Pentagon alone. The adoption of LED lights in the public sector is one of the major driving forces of the LED market.

Europe's plan to phase-out incandescent bulbs is also being implemented in stages, and mercury contained in CFL bulbs is also under review, said Alvin Tse, Philips Lumileds. Similarly, Australia is also drafting regulations to ban the use of incandescent bulbs – with phasing out low-power traditional lighting as first priority; at the same time, the Australian government is promoting the use of LED lights among consumers. In the long run, there are great advantages in replacing traditional lighting with LED ones.

China’s “10 thousand lights in 10 cities” project includes not only LED streetlights, but indoor and outdoor LED lights as well, remarked Dr Jun Ruan, Vice Secretary-General, China Solid State Lighting Alliance. After market momentum picks up, the government will need to draft LED lighting standards to regulate the market. Ruan elaborated that China is a major production base of energy-saving CFL lamps; with the promotion of LED lighting, there is also an increase in the production of energy-saving lamps, which is also used as a replacement of incandescent bulbs. He put forward the idea of cross-strait industrial cooperation, and estimated that in 2012, China's LED industry is expected to reach RMB 200 billion, and RMB 500 billion in 2015, creating over one million job opportunities.

It may take some time for LED lighting to be priced at $0.01 per lumen, said Dr Bing-Jie Lee, Chairman, Epistar Corporation. The price gap will have to be narrowed step by step, from 10 times, to 5 times, and then 3 times. Based on his extensive experience in energy-saving CFL lamps over the years, Lee predicts that when the cost of LED light bulbs falls to $5, the LED lighting market will boom.

The progress of LED lighting development is directly linked to key factors such packaging, chip and optical design, application, and standards, said Dr Rex H.J. Wu, General Manager, LITE-ON Technology. With world-wide establishment of LED lighting-related standards, not only will the LED backlight segment prosper, LED lighting will also be able to witness success. He believes that incorporating LEDs in the design of an application will effectively reduce its energy consumption, and that it is feasible to achieve ‘lumen per cent’ in LED lighting.

As of year 2009, governments around the globe have been enforcing the ban on incandescent light bulbs, noted Dr Yi-Jen Chan, Vice President & EOL General Director, ITRI. The LED industry recovered rapidly after the financial downturn – in addition the booming LED backlight, development in the LED lighting field looks promising. Compared to the energy consumed in the manufacturing process of LEDs, the energy conserved during its usage makes its replacement worthwhile. He also suggested that Dr Ruan propose to the Chinese government, in addition to China’s “electronic product subsidy program,” an “LED product subsidy program” should also be implemented to generate more business opportunities in LED lighting.

LED RELIABILITY

a@b.com (admin) — Sun, 07 Feb 2010 16:36:13 +0800

Reliability

The reliability of the performance of LED (light emitting diode) is almost always better than incandescent lamps, neon and other lights. Furthermore, the lights of today are much higher than the precision of the first instruments used in lamps, LED. Improved assembly methods and the development of structures permitted in conjunction with the development of new materials and mass production of high reliability, high brightness LED in all colors such as white.

Lifetime

The light generated in the LEDs, through emission of energy from the recombination of electrons and holes in the active zone. Because this process is very different from that of other light emitting semiconductor devices, there are several mistakes observed in typical electronic components, other forms of humiliation, are the distinctive features of production devices, such as lamps, LED.
The life of an LED is defined as the time for light to reach 50% of original value. The average life of Manufacturers led identifies is 100,000 hours. This does not mean that the LED will stop working after 100K hours, in fact, most of the LED above the fixed price for thousands of hours. This means that after 100,000 hours, the LED will be half as bright as the original brightness level.
The useful life of an LED is usually estimated by extrapolation from measured data or estimates of the rapid test. Speed test), the most extreme LED (high temperature and / or currents higher than expected during normal operation. This is necessary because it is often difficult and impractical to test in reality an LED 100.000 hours or more than 10 years. The main concern rapid testing of the LED is to understand exactly how to translate the results during normal operation.

Longevity Characteristics

As mentioned above, the luminous intensity of LED lamps typically slow decrease over time. It is important to choose the LED lamps according to the reliability of equipment which must be used. Although most evidence suggests the market, the deterioration of the LED is about 50% to 100,000 hours, which is not always the case. For example, many white LED lamps can achieve 50% of original brightness to around 10,000 30,000 hours. On the other hand, some may InGaAlP red LED lights last for 200,000 hours of life.
It is important to note the following when applying the reliability of the LED lamp manufacturer.

Temperature Conditions

It is often necessary to obtain information such as characteristics of the resistance temperature (high temperatures in May, at normal temperature and low temperature) a discrete LED changes depending on the context in which the LED lights are used effectively and / or controlled.

Humidity Conditions

Depending on the package, die type and material used to manufacture an LED, operating the LED under high-humidity and/or high-temperature conditions can dramatically reduce its lifetime as shown by the above simulated data.

Forward Current Conditions

Because lattice defects increase with use, the luminous intensity of LEDs gradually declines over time. The speed of accumulation of lattice defects depends on the amount of forward current used to operate the LED. The higher the current, the faster the degradation. It is best usually to operate an LED at the typical recommended values specified by the manufacturer.

Others

It is also important to know the conditions, if factors such as vibration, shock, gas or UV-LED can intervene.
Recent improvements tend to reduce the use of lower lamp LED. The results of some long-term studies on the characteristics of longevity far show that the brightness is always worse. Please note, however, does not mean the absence of reducing the brightness during longevity tests, the LED will not deteriorate to a point in his life.

As a result of the continual improvement in LED performance and reliability, LED’s are becoming increasingly prevalen in applications such as variable message signs (both single color and full color), traffic control devices such as stop lights, pedestrian signals and barricade lights as well as replacements to various incandescent white light applications such as task lighting, flashlights and night lights.

LED Encapsulation Process

a@b.com (admin) — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 23:55:18 +0800

Encapsulation is generally adopted in packaging of lamp-LEDs. The encapsulation procedure is to pour liquid epoxy into the LED moulding chamber first, and then insert the LED bracket that has undergone the press welding, then put the mould into the oven, and the LED gets shaped when the epoxy solidifies.

The procedure of encapsulation sounds rather simple, while the following points should be paid attention to:
1. To fit the die bars onto the aluminum ship in a certain direction, drift the dust, and then put the mould into the 125℃ oven for 40 minutes for warm-up.
2. Prepare the required quantity of epoxy, put the epoxy into the 45℃oven for 15min for defoaming.
3. pour the epoxy into the mould, pre-bake the mould (3φ to 5φ products at 125℃ for 60 minutes; 8φ to 10φ products at 110℃ for 30 minutes and then at 125℃ for 30 minutes)
4. Release the product from the mould, bake at 125℃ for 6 to 8 hours.

If the encapsulation process is not properly conducted, the following are possible results:
1.Bracket inclined to one side, inserted too deep or too shallow, upside down, stained with epoxy, yellowed(oxidation, high baking temperature or long baking time)
2.Air bubbles in bowl shape, pearl shape, thread shape, or pinhole bubbles on the surface
3.Impurity, excess epoxy, insufficient epoxy, nebulization
4.Water mark on the epoxy surface, damage or crack of epoxy (aging glue or wrong ratio), yellowed epoxy (excessive ratio of A glue )

LED industry entering the down cycle recovering after Chinese New Year

a@b.com (admin) — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 23:59:14 +0800

Based on statistics from LED industry research institute LEDinside, Taiwan’s listed LED manufacturers recorded total revenue of NT$6.852 billion in November 2009, down by 1.7% from NT$6.974 billion in October. LED chipmakers’ total revenue amounted to NT$3.2 billion, up by 1.6%, and LED packagers posted NT$3.652 billion in revenue, a 4.5% decline.

According to LEDinside’s observation of recent market conditions, ASP declined by 5~10% as the industry enters the down cycle. In particular, as demand for handset and notebook backlight applications gradually decreases, sales revenue in December is estimated to fall sequentially by around 10%. Despite the recent increase in orders as vendors gear up for the Chinese New Year in 2010, which buffered the decline in November sales revenue, industry players believe that end market demand will only recover in March 2010, after the Chinese New Year.

Taiwan’s LED chipmakers recorded total sales revenue of NT$ 32 billion in November. Affected by the short supply of upstream LED chips, the capacity utilization rate of AlInGaP declined substantially, while that of InGaN continued to be fully-loaded. With the installation of new MOCVD equipment, several LED chipmakers such as Epistar, FOREPI, and Tekcore, all posted historic high revenues in November.

As for downstream LED packagers, the total revenue for November is NT$3.652 billion. Total packaging output exceeded that of the same period last year. A majority of LED packagers recorded declines in their revenues; in particular, demand for handset applications decreased more substantially. In NB applications, despite the inventory replenishment from some panel makers, the overall demand for NB applications remains stagnant due to the slow season. At present, only the demand for TV, as well as for lighting applications, is still considered strong.